Titan was born in one of the remote areas of Pieve di Gadore Essays

Titan was born in one of the remote areas of Pieve di Gadore , however, he grow to work in Venice. He picked up quickly and become one of the dominant painters, if not the dominant painter of Europe. His oil paintings were the most sort after especially by the courtly and aristocratic patrons. His paintings were considered to be more naturalistic by the art theorists and hence of low perfection in design than the works from Rome and Florence. Towards the end of the eighteenth century, his works began to be appreciated up to the current time where the current scholars have intensified this contextual works. The intertwined possession themes of a beautiful woman and her image creation permeated the conception of female art by the renaissance. As the old thoughts always asserted that anyone who depicts a beautiful woman will always deserve her, the people of the renaissance may like to transfer these assertions to the art maker. This being the people's notion, there are many questions which are raised from this. Taking this into account we take this to the paragon extent between Titans and Michelangelo. In renaissance times, the beauty of any female was the lodestone of aesthetics, inspire of the male being taken to be the norm and the female an aberration. The Titan's woman picture can not only be used to portray his artistic gift but also can be seen as his booster to his rivals of all times. In his competition with his most contemporary rival, Michelangelo, titans uses this artwork to assert of his superiority and his primacy of sculpture paintings of colorito over design and feminine over masculine. The two, Michelangelo and Titan, came to confrontations of the diseno i.e the design and colorito for themselves. Michelangelo tried to make his name by the heroic men like that of David while Titan made reference to the female subject along with their style. Michelangelo shown the inability of the Venetian to draw and equated their disadvantages to their focus on femininity. In his evaluation of the Michelangelo artworks, Aretino allusion that he is more than a angel Devine, shows his promotion of Michelangelo angelic status which were conferred by Aristotle. Top of Form Bottom of Form

Project Management A Critical Evaluation

Project Management A Critical Evaluation Introduction Available literature demonstrates that a project schedule is a fundamental constituent of any project management activity, issues of size or scope of the project notwithstanding. Indeed, as noted by Kerzner (2001), a project schedule not only directs the project stakeholders on when each activity should be done, but it reveals what has already been achieved, whether certain activities are late in terms of delivery, and the sequence in which project activities need to be completed.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Project Management: A Critical Evaluation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is against this background that the present paper seeks to respond to a few issues related to project scheduling, primarily the identification of activities needed to estimate resources and durations, identification and discussion of some of the milestones that may be contained in a project, and, lastly, the provision o f a summary of how human resources should be assigned to each project activity to guard against lateness or perceived schedule slips. Activities to Estimate Resources and Durations in Project Management An accurate assessment or estimation of the resources and durations needed to complete particular tasks should be an issue of imperative concern for project managers and other stakeholders in the team. Kerzner (2001) notes that while it is true that duration estimation analyzes the time that may be taken to complete either the entire project or subsections within the entire project, activity duration, on its part, is to a large extent dependent on other time and resource approximations. In this perspective, the Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) can be proposed as an activity that can assist the project team to estimate the resources and durations needed. This activity not only defines a project in the context of its deliverables, but provides a framework for breaking down the stated del iverables into consequential units of work (Kerzner, 2001). The author further notes that with this breakdown, team leaders are able to ascertain a proper work hierarchy that operationalizes resource and duration estimations. The second activity that could be proposed entails undertaking a critical path review using the Critical Path Method (CPM) with a view to estimating the overall project duration. It is of significance to note that the CPM has the capacity to calculate the total project duration while basing its estimates on individual task durations and their interrelationships. It therefore follows that the series of project tasks determining the minimum time required for the project should be included as the critical path (Kerzner, 2001).Advertising Looking for essay on project management? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The third activity that could be proposed involves undertaking a performance evaluation re view using an effective project management tool, such as the Performance Evaluation Review Technique (PERT). According to Schwalbe (2010), this activity employs a pictorial description of project tasks as a system of dependencies with a view to assess or investigate the most likely time and resource estimates. Forth, the project leader in conjunction with other members can initiate a Resource Breakdown Structure (RBS), which is basically â€Å"†¦a hierarchical structure that identifies the project resources by category and typeâ€Å"(Schwalbe, 2010, p. 222). The information gathered by this structure is fundamentally important in not only determining the costs of resources, but also on how to go about acquiring the resources. Lastly, a Three-Point Estimate (TPE) can be used to estimate activity durations. This activity, according to Schwalbe (2010), revolves around designing â€Å"†¦an optimistic, most likely, and pessimistic estimate [whereby] the optimistic estimate i s based on a best-case scenario, while the pessimistic estimate is based on a worst case scenario† (p. 223). Milestones for the Project Milestones are simply goals or objectives that assist project leaders to keep track of the overall progress for any project, with each milestone indicating a forward movement (Higginbotham, 2008). In essence, milestones not only assist in building continued momentum for the team members, but they show progress to members of staff as well as to other leaders. The SMART (specific; measurable; attainable; relevant; time-bound) criteria can be used to describe project milestones in the context of the outlined case study (Schwalbe, 2010). Under the ‘specific’ term, we can identify and describe the first two project milestones, which may include: A fully functional remote deposit capture must be in place within the next five months to allow a month’s time for any necessary adjustments, and The remote deposit capture must be able to fulfill the core objectives of increasing customer satisfaction and curtailing customer loss. Under the ‘measurable’ term, we can identify and describe the third and forth milestones, namely: The remote deposit capture, upon its commissioning, must be able to improve customer satisfaction levels by up to 25 percent, and The bank must be able to register an increase of about 20 percent in its customer base upon the commissioning of the new project. Moving on, under the ‘attainable’ term of the SMART criteria, we can identify and describe the fifth and sixth milestones, namely:Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Project Management: A Critical Evaluation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The staff members need to undergo training to improve their abilities and skills towards the operationalization of the new project, and The need to make heavy investments in information technology (IT) to en sure the goals of increasing customer satisfaction and avoiding the loss of current customers are met after takeoff. Under the ‘relevancy’ term, we can identify and describe the seventh and eighth milestones as follows: Conduct a baseline survey in the fourth month of project implementation to evaluate how other banks are coping with the issues of customer satisfaction, and To conduct a baseline survey to investigate the relevancy of remote deposit capture against the industry’s best practices. Lastly, under the ‘time-bound’ term of the SMART criteria, we can identify and describe the project milestones as follows: We must have the necessary IT infrastructure in place by the lapse of 90 days (three months), and We must be able to test the new IT infrastructure using selected bank customers by the lapse of 150 days (five months) to provide room for any improvement or adjustment. Assigning Personnel to Project Activities It is indeed true that an IT -related project such as the implementation of a remote deposit capture for a banking institution certainly requires personnel from a wide variety of fields, such as software developers, network administrators, java programmers, risk assessors, junior support staff, internet security personnel, subcontractors, and senior personnel such as the chief information officer (CIO), among others. The way that all these personnel are assigned their duties is critical to the success of any IT-related project (Schwalbe, 2010). According to Lock (2007), personnel should be assigned to project activities based on their availability, level of skill and training, and an open mind to learn more. The table next page demonstrates how the tasks will be delegated among the personnel involved Personnel activity M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 Software developers Developing network receivable software Network administrators Networking between main office and branches Java programmers programming Risk assessors Assessing risk in depositing money online Junior support staff Support roles Security personnel Internet security subcontractors Provision of hardware CIO oversight N.B: M1-M6 = the first month through the sixth month (project period) It is indeed true that some projects may fall behind schedule owing to a multiplicity of factors, such as lack of finances, lack of materials, lack of the required personnel, and occurrence of natural catastrophes, among others (Lock, 2007). When such eventualities occur, the project manager or leader may renegotiate the scope/ schedule of the project with the project sponsor, along with other members, to evaluate if it is indeed viable to either reduce the scope activities of the original project or possibly increase the schedule duration to ensure that project scope activities are satisfactorily met (Schwalbe, 2010). Second, the project leader, in collaboration with the project sponsor and other team members, may engage in resource re-allocation to make sure that extra resources are availed to project areas that might have fallen behind schedule. Third, the project members might engage in multitasking, which basically entails working on multiple project activities for a specific amount of time to permit for more than one activity to be completed (Lock, 2007). Other strategies that may be used include increasing dedicated time, project schedule compression, and fast-tracking of activities (Schwalbe, 2010).Advertising Looking for essay on project management? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion The above analysis demonstrates the complexities involved in project management, particularly in making estimations for resources and time durations. The analysis has also touched on project milestones and how such milestones need to be generated to ensure successful implementation of projects. All in all, the underlying task is for the project manager to lead the team using industry-specific best practices in project management to ensure successful implementation (Lock, 2007). Reference List Higginbotham, J. (2008). Project planning: Identify milestones, assumptions, and tasks. Retrieved from volunteercentered.com/2008/03/31/project-planning-identify-milestones-assumptions-and-tasks/ Kerzner, H. (2001). Project management: A systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling, 7th Ed. New York, NY: John Wiley Sons. Lock, D. (2007). Project management, 9th Ed. Hampshire: Gower Publishing Ltd. Schwalbe, K. (2010). Information technology project management. Boston, M A: Cengage Learning.

Vietnam War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Vietnam War - Essay Example For American soldiers it was very difficult even to move in jungle. They had to use special instruments like machete to move from one place to another. In order to survive in jungle Americans had to capture the whole settlements. As a result Americans lost much in this war. The interests of the both American and Vietnamese soldiers were not taken into account by the Vietnam War initiators. The problem lied in the fact that many Americans were against the war as well as Vietnamese. They organized strikes and meetings devoted to the question. Other countries of the world also were not pleased with what was happening as the war, which started due to the political interests, led to the death of hundreds of peaceful citizens. Moreover, many of these citizens provided American soldiers with help. The United States did not take into account the political consequences of their military actions on the territory of Vietnam. Actually, the goals of the war are still vague. Soldiers themselves could not understand what they were fighting for. Vietnamese were weaker in terms of military forces, but they were stronger mentally because they knew that they just had to defend. Today everybody knows about the huge military potential of the USA: even a little child every day can see modern American military techniques and bold soldiers on TV, in magazines, movies, computer games. It seems that military forces of the United States can do everything: help other peoples in their struggle with suppressors, neutralize dangerous terrorists, bring peace to dangerous regions and provide them with stability. The American military forces were not less powerful in 1970, but they still managed to fail the war with small undeveloped state – Vietnam. In this failure prejudices played not the last role. American soldiers were considered to be heroes, the mission of which is to defend poor and deprived. However, War in Vietnam destroyed these

The Movements of Employees at Work Abstract Essay

The Movements of Employees at Work Abstract - Essay Example Employee monitoring can be defined as the act of surveillance and monitor employees’ actions during stipulated working hours by use of employer equipment (Stanton & Stam, 2006). It entails the use of computers to record, evaluate and observe an employees’ use of a computer, plus communications like websites visited and emails sent or received besides telephone calls made. However, it is legal for employers to use computer programs to monitor employees (Duquenoy, Jones & Blundell, 2008). Employee surveillance has gained prominence as a prerequisite and in the same breath a contentious issue due to the complexity and prevalent use of technology in the workplace. Employers are worried about employees’ proper behavior and conformity to work-related regulations. Hence some critics believe employee monitoring is an inalienable responsibility. To others, it is an invasion of privacy. Managers employ different ways of monitoring employees’ internet use, emails, an d their location to capitalize on employee productivity, uphold the integrity of the firm and to defend the interest of clientele and workmates (Duquenoy, Jones & Blundell, 2008). When managers start to probe into employees’ private life, mistrust and acrimony are built between employees’ and managers. Many workers have lost their employment and a lot more companies have had to face lawsuits filed against them because people believe that the use of internal company communications should remain confidential (Bassick, 2007). Managers and owners of private firms have had several reasons to scrutinize the activities of their employees. Some are driven by the displeasure when employees misuse company money and waste time to carry out non-work related tasks.  

Antigone the Ideal Leader Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Antigone the Ideal Leader - Essay Example Only a few dare to support what is right, irrespective of being vulnerable to a wrathful and violent opposition. Sophocles' Antigone is one such literary character that exudes with the requisite nobility, strength and courage to stand for what is right, despite facing the risk of being susceptible to an unfavorable and avoidable outcome, which is the true and unexceptional trait of a natural leader. In Sophocles' famous tragedy Antigone, the central character Antigone is presented and unraveled amidst a unique and peculiar set of circumstances, where she is a hapless witness to the dereliction of the cherished morals and ideals, not only by her near and dear one's like her sister Ismene, but also by the people who are supposed to uphold the righteousness in Theben society, like Ceron, who comes to power in Thebes after the civil war. At the centre of the tragedy lies the body of Polyneices, Antigone's brother and one of the important leaders of the Thebe's civil war. The new king of Thebe, Ceron decides to deprive the body of Polyneices of all the holy rites and a decent burial, by ordering it to be left lying in an abandoned and disgraced state on the battlefield, to be consumed by carrion animals.

Semantic Deviation In Pride And Prejudice English Language Essay

Semantic Deviation In Pride And Prejudice English Language Essay Jane Austin was an English novelist. Her books are notable for the wit, social observation and insights into the lives of early 19th century women. She was born in 1775 in Hampshire. She began to write when she was a teenager. Her first novel was Sense and Sensibility which was published in 1811.The second novel she wrote was Pride and Prejudice. This novel became very famous and was appreciated. Her next novel Mansfield Park was published in 1814, and then Emma in 1816.In 1816 Jane became ill due to Addisons disease. She died in Winchester on 18 July 1817. The two novels Persuasion and Northanger Abbey were published after her death. And a final novel was left incomplete. Pride and Prejudice was the most popular novel of Jane Austin. The story of the novel takes place in early nineteenth century. Critics praised Jane Austens characterization and portrayal of everyday life. Human weakness is a prominent element in this novel. Austin made use of irony to expose foolishness and hypocrisy. Dialogue plays an important role in Pride and Prejudice. Each characters speech is appropriate. From the speech it is revealed that what they are like. Elizabeths talk is direct and outspoken, Mr. Bennetts speech is sarcastic, Mr. Collins speeches are very long and boring, Lydias speeches are carefree and not serious. The incidences in Pride and Prejudice can be related to every day life i.e. embarrassments, foolishness, falling in love, realizing own mistakes, etc. Austens works possess a timeless quality, which makes her stories and themes as relevant today as they were two hundred years ago. Deviation means depart from an established course or normal standards. There are many types of deviation like syntactic or grammatical deviation, lexical deviation, graphological deviation, phonological deviation, and semantic deviation. In this research the main focus is on Semantic deviation. Semantic deviation shows that a word or phrase can have many different meanings. A word can be taken in different contexts. The real meaning can be different from apparent meaning. Semantic deviation includes irony, paradox, metaphor, simile, pun, style. CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW Dr.Sarala Krishnamurthy examined the lexis of Selman Rushdies Midnight Childrens.The method she applied was both qualitative and quantitative. In this research she worked on the use of neologism, compound words, and borrowing in the novel. According to her examination the most important feature in Rushdies work is the use of neologism. The neologism is identified in two ways : morphological and borrowing. In the novel the Indian words are given affixation, such as Pajamas, phirangis. With these words affixation s is used to convert them into plural form. The second type of neologism used is the Indian suffix are attached to English words, such as cousin ji and sister ji. The suffix ji in Urdu and Hindi is attached to any noun. The third type is when with English root morpheme, Hindi root morpheme is attached, such as: Paan shop, hot channa, Indian fauj. In these words Paan, channa and fauj are Hindi morphemes which are attached to English morphemes. Compound words are also formed by taking words from both the languages. The example of compound words is: dia lamp, where dia is the equivalent of the word lamp. The suffix y is also used with words, such as: shivery, glass cloudy, house wifery. The affixation ed is also used to create neologisms. Rushdie creates many adjectival forms by adding affix ed. The examples are: One eye browed, many headed, etc. The affixation ing is also used, which leads to the formation of compound words, such as: lip jutting, crazy sounding. The notable point is that all the examples given are used for the first time in Midnights Children and this extend the resources of English language. In this novel the compound words are formed in different ways. The ways are unusual collocation, co-joined words, word clusters, and noun phrases. The example of the each way is given below: Unusual collocation: 1. Biriyanis of determination 2. Carrot and stick affair Co-joined words: 1. whatsitsname what is its name 2. Godknowswhat God knows what 3. Talldarkhandsome tall dark handsome Word clusters: 1. they we should 2. patience wait Noun Phrases: 1. two day long procession 2. losing national dice game 3. Going to pot The last thing to be noted in the novel is borrowing. The words are borrowed from Urdu, such as: khansamaa, maulvi saab. The names of Hindu gods are also used, such as: ganesh, hanuman. The names of Hindi dishes, such as: lassi, khichri, ladoo are used in the novel. The names of Indian clothing: dupatta, kurtaa, pajama, are also made part of the novel. Indian expressions and the words of other languages that are spoken in India are also used in the novel. In the end Sarala concludes that these lexis are important because it is lexical deviation and the other reason she gives is that the usage of these words tell the world about the Indian word expressions. Agemo, Oluwatosin Stella examined The stylistic analysis of some selected poems of Wole Soyinka. He mentioned that the writer makes use of unusual word order in the form of Anastrophe and parenthesis. Examples are: In vain your bangles cast charmed circles at my feet (Abiku). Caught I was, foully (Telephone Conversation). This word order interrupts the normal syntactical flow of the sentence, to create emphasis and to capture the attention of the reader. The writer has also made use of word omission, i.e. ellipsis and asyndeton. Examples are: Must I weep for goats and cowries. For palm oil and sprinkled ask? (Abiku) I saw your jealous eye quench the Seas Flourescence, dance on the pulie incessant (Night) This creates shortness of time, emphasis or ambiguity. The scheme of repetition is also used in the poems. Repetition is used deliberately for the sake of emphasis. It helps to grasp the attention of the reader. The lexico-syntactic choices i.e. similie and metaphor are also used in abundance in the poem. These are used to give clearness and liveliness to words. Examples are: Similie: I bear no bear no heart mercuric like the clouds (Night). As lightning shrink to ants antenna (To my first white hairs). Metaphor: Ill be the suppliant snake coiled on the doorstep (Abiku). The comparison is made between two words that are different from each other and they are bond together to create similarity between them. Instances of hyperbole, hypernyms, onomatopoeia, synecdoche, pun, assonance, consonance are also present in the poem. The usage of these schemes and tropes provide musical effect and color to the poems. Graphological deviation is also present in the poem like capitalization, bold print, and spacing. All of these things found out together give effective meaning. To convey the meaning to the reader and to grasp their attention the language used should be meaningful. Soyinka use of language conveys the meaning to the reader that what the poet wants to convey. The stylistical devices help the poet to beautify and give rhythm to the text. By this analysis it is shown that there is a difference between poetic and non-poetic language. Bahaa-Eddin M. Mazid examined A stylistic analysis of Larkins Talking in Bed. According to his analysis the lexical items, with different connotations and denotations, grammatical structures, categories all combine together to produce three main isotopies of the poem i.e. language, love and nature. These items also establish the cohesive chains and the three sub-worlds of the poem- the tenseless, present and past. In the poem an emotional linguistic predicament of a couple is encountered, who cannot communicate and who used to be honest. Now they are unable to speak the truth and to be nice. The thing which is more problematic is that there is no one to help and conjure them. This is the context of the poem, it tells about the interpersonal relation ships. The poem consists of twelve lines. The first stanza consists of two clauses. And the second stanza starts with adverbial clause Lying together. The qualities and attributes associated with human beings are lasting only for a short time than those associated with natural objects and other phenomenon.Talking in bed is a metalinguitic poem. The poem is about the use, misuse and abuse of language. One isotopy that cross cuts the nature and the love isotopies is that of night. Thus, in bed, lying together, dark towns and isolation finds their ideal environment in the night. Night, sex and love are closely related with each other. The intimate style is filled with ellipsis, nonverbal communication and private code characteristics. Human involvement is more obvious in the last two clauses in the poem. In the whole poem the theme is dark, tone is bleak with disappointment. Irony is also the dominant feature of the poem. There is a mismatch between imagination and reality.Talking in bed is as modern as The Wasteland. It is about the agony of alienation, the irony of senseless sex-pillow-talk that cannot be easy and bed partnership that can no longer be honest the loss of faith in communion and the death of true or kind language. The poem is true to its own genre and author. In this the writer does The brief stylistic analysis of The Great Gatsby. The play describes the hollowness of the upper class. It also tells us about that what happened to the American dream. In the play Fitgerald made use of imagination and symbolism to present the moral history of his time.The use of symbolism made his work to connect the objective with the subjective. He starts the novel in the present, narrates the important events of the story. In chapter 4,6 and 7 the writer gradually reveals the story of Gatsbys past. In chapter 9 the past and the present come together. The key to the structure of the novel is the combination of the first person narrative and the revelation of the past gradually. The two devices worked together perfectly. If anyone of these was not used than the meaning will not be delivered clearly. In section 1 of the play abstract nouns and many multi-syllable adjectives are used, such as: riotous (adj.)  ¼Ã…’ excursion (n.) ¼Ã…’privileged (adj.) g limpse (n).The formal words are also used,such as exempt, register. The psychology of Nick is revealed by the use of multi-syllable adjectives. The sentence structure is complex. The internal complex and feelings of Nick are described in three sentences only in the first section of the play. Long but simple sentences are used in the section 2.there is one subjective clause and several coordinate sentences. For example, Miss Baker had mentioned him at dinner and thatà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦he stretched out his arms toward the dark water in a curious way, and, far as I was from him,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.The simile is also used in the Great Gatsby. The sentence Her voice is full of money is a metaphor. The purpose of using metaphor is to give readers aesthetic sense. In the end the analyst concludes that the language used in the play is formal. And it appeals to the reader. Dan McIntyre examined The stylistic analysis of E.E.Cummings poem.The title of the poem is listen. The poem is basically about the arrival of the spring and the happiness and joys it brings. On the other hand the poem also seems to be an address to the lover; the poet wants his lover to enjoy with him, the arrival of spring. The themes of spring, nature, sex and man are interred related with each other. The subject matter of the poem is not complex. There are many stylistic features present in the poem. The lexical features of the poem are examined. The poem mostly consists of nouns and verbs. Most of the nouns are concrete and only two are abstract .i.e. dream and miracle. The verbs used create a sense of immediacy. All the verbs which are marked for tense are in the present tense. We have present simple verbs .i.e. barks, present progressive forms .i.e. are [eagerly], tumb/ling, and o-p-e-n-i-n-g/are. The poet also made use of adverb of manner, which conveys a sense of speed. The adverbs used are: (quickly), excitement (crazily, eagerly) and inevitability (irrevocably).Directive verbs are used to address to the other person .i.e. (listen, look, come  (x2),  run  (x2),  jump, shout, laugh, dance, cry, sing). These are used to request the addressee to enjoy the coming of the spring with the poet. For example, in the lines run run/with me now and sing)for its Spring. There is no neologism in the poem but some words are arranged in the poem in strange way. For example the word wonderful is divided in two lines, dividing it into two morphemes .i.e. wonder  and  ful. First the word gives the expression of noun wonder and if it is read again it seems to be the adjective wonderful. The most striking effect in {listen} is the use of deviations. Throughout the poem graphological deviation is present. The poet has deliberately capitalized the words in the middle of the sentence. The last line of the poem is highly fore grounded because all the letters are capitalized. Grammatical deviation is also used in the poem. Punctuations are applied where they are not required. An example would be in lines 12 and 13 o-p-e-n-i-n-g/are(leaves;flowers)dreams. Cummings has break grammatical conventions to convey the simultaneously coming thoughts. Due to which the groups of nouns run together without any punctuation. (E.g. lines 3 to 6 and line 22).the definite and indefinite references are within the same clause. i.e. this a  dog barks. The possible explanation could be that the poet uses this to refer that he is talking about the particular dog and on the other hand he uses a to refer that he is not familiar with the dog. Graphological parallelism is also used by the poet. All the first lines of the next stanza are separated by the above lines by double space. The poem has no rhyme scheme of regularity. There is no strict pattern adopted by the poet. In conclusion Cummings deliberately chooses to use such seemingly odd stylistic techniques in (listen). Stylistic helps the reader to understand the things in the text which are otherwise not understandable easily. Dominique Costa examined A stylistical analysis of Thomas Hardys: The Ruined maid. In the poem the lexical items used belong to variety of languages. The geographical, temporal, social dialects clearly appear in the poem. Terms such as thee, thou used belong to regional dialect. There occurrence is purposeful. Hardy used this device to draw the attention of the reader towards the characteristics of the country people. Expressions like digging potatoes, spudding up docks and barton belong to rural lexis. This enhances the young women social origin. The words like bracelets, dress, gloves which are associated with women are used frequently. Hardy uses expression related to feminity such as my dear, delicate cheek, delicate face. From this it is shown that the theme of woman hood is prevalent in the poem. Conjunctions are also used frequently. The conjunctions such as and, but are significant. The poem is built in parallel structures; two types of parallelism within the sentences are also used. The examples of parallelism are: In The Ruined Maid lexis, cohesion, syntax, sound plays a dominant role. References to the past and present are also constant ion the poem. The setting of the play is temporal. Metin TÄ °MUÇÄ °N examined A stylistic study to explore the language of poems. The goal was to perceive the meaning and understanding the language of the text. The text which is taken into consideration is the poem of Siegfried Sassoon`s The Rear-Guard and Wilfred Owenss Anthem for Doomed Youth. The paper not only focuses on analyzing the text but also argues in favor of exploiting language based approaches in literature. In Sassoons The Rear-Guard the poet uses the poetic language of violence. The poet has himself experienced the violence as a soldier in world war 2.the themes of the poem are violence, and the trenches of the war. On the other hand in the poem of Wilfred Owenss Anthem for Doomed Youth the relations with family, army, poetry and Church are depicted. Sassoon and Owen both deal with the atrocities of the war. In Anthem for Doomed Youth in order to reveal the agonies, violence, silence of a family in mourning, sorrows of the people, Owen makes use of bot h the terms of army and church. In both the poems the words related with war are present i.e. guns, rapid rattle, stuttering rifles. Owen also uses the discourse of the church like: bells, prayers, mourning, choirs, candles, holly glimmers. In Owens poem we have lexical groupings of war and church. The main focus of the analysis was that how the words used convey the meaning to the reader. In The Rear Guard the feelings of a person are described who has himself faced the atrocities of war and he thinks that war is evil and unjust. It destroys the lives of people. In Owens poem Anthem for Doomed Youth the poet by using linguistic devices gives the message and lesson to the world that war should be prohibited. The war is not an enjoyable thing; it destroys the lives of people, homes and countries. Masanori Miyata examined Types of linguistic devices in Oliver Twist. The six types of deviation present in Oliver twist are taken under consideration. The phonological deviation is present in the dialogue of Gamfield, which shows typically substandard or vulgar language. The words of his speech are: acause(because),afore(before),nothink(nothing),etc. Graphological deviation is also part of the novel. The author uses parenthesis within the dialogue to reveal the inner thoughts of the character. For example: Have the goodness to look at me, said Mr.bumble, fixing his eyes upon her. (If she stands such an eye as that, said Mr. Bumble to himself. She can stand anythingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. (Mr. Bumble, XXXVII, 268) Capital letters and dashes are also used within the dialogue. In the dialogue by Fagin, Fagin retorted Nancy with rage in capital letters. WILL. Neologisms are also invented in the play. i.e. Greenland, merry-go-rounder. Dicken invented special terms like: beadlehood, henpeckery, half-baptized. New compound words are formed by combining two lexical items with hyphens; like: psalm-singers, concept-making, surgeons-friend, and orange-peel. Mr. Bumble add suffixes -er and -est. with adjectives in his dialogues, which normally proceed more and most in Standard English. Examples are: obstinater, ungratefullest, He also uses double superlatives i.e. most bare-facedest. Dickens also uses vague phrase; like: certain soft nothings. Oxymorons are also evident. For example: good unhealthy port, logically contradict but contextually consistent. Paradox like: night so long, and yet so short, are also applied by Dickens. Synecdoche, metaphor, simile all are the part of the play. Dickens ion his novel has used approximately all types of deviations, schemes, tropes and lexical features. Irony is prevalent throughout the novel. In conclusion Dickens creates new words and skillfully manipulates it in his novel. . .. CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1. Research Question: To analyze the semantic deviation in Jane Austins novel Pride and Prejudice 3.2. Delimitation: The text which is to be analyzed is Pride and Prejudice. It consists of 61 chapters, but the focus will be on first 25 chapters of the novel. The text will be analyzed semantically. The focus will be on semantic deviations used by the writer. The real meaning inherent in the apparent meaning will be focused. 3.3. Theoretical Framework: Stylistics is the study of style of language. It describes the usage of language in speech, written works and public affairs. Deviations are a part of stylistic analysis. Deviation means depart from an established course or normal standards. There are many types of deviation, like semantic, syntactic, graphological, register and grammatical deviation. But the focus in this research is only on semantic deviation. The main points which would be under consideration during semantic analysis of the novel will be irony, metaphor, paradox, pun, style.

Industrial Revolution Essay -- Technology, Inventions

Advancements in agriculture, textile, transportation and economic growth became possible only because of the Industrial Revolution. Taking place in the United States between 18th and 19th century, times went from separating the cotton from its seed to using an automated cotton gin made by an American inventor Eli Whitney. This allowed for the lower class citizens to be able to have the important goods such as medication and clothing. Before the American Industrial Revolution, people were mostly farmers and life went by slowly and tedious work was required for simple tasks. But with inventions like the cotton gin, and the assembly line, mass production evolved. The United States had one of the fastest economic growths than any other country during this time. The Industrial Revolution developed the world and how it produced its goods. There were numerous inventions that made everyday tasks easier to perform by eliminating the tedious work that people performed by replacing it with a m achine. The invention that fired up the Industrial Revolution was the steam engine, which was invented by James Watt in 1775. The steam engine made travel faster and more efficient, which is why it earned the name â€Å"Iron Horse†. The steam engine not only powered the trains, but it also powered the factories (The Industrial Revolution United State, page 27). This provided numerous factories and industries to transport their goods farther away and at a faster pace. The numerous inventions led to the radically increasing American economy. There would be more export of goods which would mean higher flow of money into the economy to boost the value of the American dollar. Mass production was cheap and it meant more goods can be produced, resulting in more pr... ...e busy cities and worked in the manufacturing and textile industries because the jobs altered from self – production to mass production. By constructing the road to a colossal economy, developing countless jobs with a better work ethic, and making life easier with innovative inventions, the American Industrial Revolution was a blessing to America’s progression. Inventions starting from the cotton gin by Eli Whitney to the Model T invented by Henry Ford, the American lives and economy changed drastically. Changing from the agrarian economy to the manufacturing and textile industries, it opened doors to most people to start a new job in a new economy. It would not have been possible to achieve the simplest tasks as we would have today if it was not for the Industrial Revolution. Thus, the Industrial Revolution was a remarkable phenomenon in America’s history.